Raymond J. Sucgang
Contents
Category: Significant Personality
District of Batan
I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
DATE OF BIRTH: OCTOBER 5, 1972
PROMINENCE: SCIENCE, PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT
BIRTH PLACE: MANILA
PRESENT ADDRESS: 1 WILSONVILLE SUBDIVISION , JOSE CARLOS STREET, CULIAT, QUEZON CITY
AGE: 50
II. BIOGRAPHY
Raymond Jacinto Sucgang is an alumnus of the Batan Elementary school, Science Development High School of Aklan, the University of Santo Tomas, and the Development Academy of the Philippines. He is the only child of Villadolfo C. Sucgang and Miranda J. Sucgang. He has been with the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute since 2002. Raymond is the Supervising Science Research Specialist and the Head of the Nuclear Analytical Techniques Applications Section wherein he, along with others in the group, is involved in the services and research activities in support of the PNRI mandate to promote and provide services on the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology. He has produced more than fifty (50) research works and has presented the results in local and international fora. He heads the Section of PNRI which provides nuclear analytical services to customers. The section analysis drinking water for gross alpha-beta and radon activities and all bottled water providers as well as fresh water distributors have to secure “non radioactivity” certificates of analysis prior to securing license to operate from the Food and Drug Administration. They also analyze food and environmental samples which are shipped to the country as exports from other countries. They also analyse food and other samples for radioactivity prior to export from the Philippines. These service analysis protect consumers as well as the public from undue exposure to radioactivity. The unit which Raymond manages well is also offering elemental analysis using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Tritium analysis and Stable isotope ratio analyses. In terms of research, Raymond has received both local and international funding to carry out valuable research in the fields of climate change, food safety, food authenticity, natural products, environmental science, radiation chemistry, nuclear chemistry, and many others.
He is currently the National Project Coordinator, NPC for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of the United Nations for the projects : 1. IAEA PHI5034, Applying Nuclear Techniques in the Attenuation of Flood and Natural Disaster-Borne Contamination, 2017- 2019 2. IAEA RAS/5/082—Building Technological Capability for Food Traceability and Food Safety Control Systems Through the Use of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, IAEA RAS 7037-Applications of Isotopes in Wetland protection and Management,. He was also the NPC for the previous IAEA projects : 1. National Project Coordinator, International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA (of the United Nations) project on Floods, 2016 2. International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA Technical Cooperation project on Haiyan –Project Leader, 2016-2017. He is also the project leader for the Department of Science and Technology funded projects: Development and Application of Isotope-Based Methodologies for Authenticity Testing of Major Condiments in the Philippines ( Vinegar, Soy Sauce, and Catsup), and Application of Isotopic and Geochemical Techniques to Uncover Point and Non Point Sources of Organic Nutrient Contamination in the Neritic Zone of Boracay Island.
He has managed many other research projects in collaboration with academe, NGO’s and the private sector. Currently he is the Project leader of a DOST funded project which develops techniques to better authenticate organic produce in contrast to inorganic food from conventional agricultural practices and also in developing isotope methods to strengthen Halal food certification.
Mr. Sucgang is a recipient of many other awards as a result of his exemplary performance in Public Service. After his graduation as Masters of Public Development Management in the PMDP MMC-14 of the Development Academy of the Philippines, he was promoted as Supervising Science Research Specialist of the Nuclear Analytical Techniques Applications Section of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute. Notable after his graduation from DAP was a gear increase in his proposed projects approved for local and International funding, and a significant rise in the productivity of the section.
After graduation from DAP he was conferred the following awards:
- DANGAL NG PMDP AWARD- given by the Public Management Development Program Alumni Club of the Development academy of the Philippines, given 0n the 8th day of March 2022 for his unwavering passion, commitment, and dedication to the fulfillment of the ideals and shared goals of the PMDP, exceptional accomplishment of public service and outstanding contribution that brought about positive impact on the society and distinct honor to the Development Academy of the Philippines.
- The Outstanding Alumnus of the Regional Science High School for Region 6 (Western Visayas). Award in the field of Environmental Science and Sustainability. SDHSA for recognized the value of the Boracay research, Aklan River and isotope hydrology and Enviromental studies/researchers in Aklan and other sites in the Philippines.
- Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Aklan Commendation.-- For His Discoveries, Innovations And Other Significant Contributions In The Field Of Science And Technology Bringing Pride And Honor To The Province Of Aklan through Resolution No. 2019-080 during the 18th Regular Session of the 18th Sangguniang Panlalawigan on November 04, 2019. Sangguniang Panlalawigan of Aklan Facebook page (https://www.bomboradyo.com/kalibo/akeanon-researcher-ginpasidunggan-it-aklanprovincial-board)
His other awards are as follows:
- Best Re-Entry Project Award, Development Academy of the Philippines, 2018.
- 2017 DOST International Publication award, given by the National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST-Phil), 2017
- Certificate of Recognition qualifiers in the 7th S & T Fora and Competitions in the Industry, Energy Research and Development.
- AASSA PRESIDENT’S POSTER AWARD, BEST POSTER, The Application of the Isotope Techniques to Aid policy-making in the Enhancement of Freshwater Availability in San Narciso Zambales Region 3 of the Philippines, Given by the Association of the Academies and Societies of Sciences in Asia, Tagaytay City, 22, September 2017
- Certificate of Recognition, Plenary Speaker, during the ASEAN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING, Given by the Catanduanes State University in partnership with the Kuroshio Science Research Unit and Journal Kochi University Japan; the Foundation Philippine Environment- CARITAS-Philippines and the Provincial Local Government Unit of Catanduanes, Virac Catanduanes, 30, September 2017
- Best Scientific Poster Award, 2nd place titled “The Effects of Coal-Fired Power Plant Emissions on the Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Signatures of C3 Plants”, at the Second National Conference on Climate Change: Linking Climate Knowledge to Action, Given by the National Academy of Science and Technology, Philippines, Manila, 26, September 2013
- Certificate of Commendation, to NATA section, nominated to the 2012 Division Award: NSD, Given by the PNRI, Quezon City, 12, December 2012
- Certificate of Recognition , Resource Speaker, Division Seminar-Workshop of Scientific Research for Research Adviser, Schools Division Office, Malabon City, September 8, 2017, Panghulo National High School , Bautista Street, Panghulo, Malabon City
- Certificate of Recognition, recipient of the 2017 DOST International Publication Award for the paper “ Measurements of Rare Element and Other Element Mass Fractions in Environmental Reference Materials by INAA, ICP-AES and ICP-MS”, given by the PNRI, Quezon City, 7, December 2017
- 2013 DOST INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION AWARD, Environmental Isotopes and Major Ions for Tracing Leachate Contamination from a Municipal Landfill in Metro Manila, Philippines, Given by the NAST PHL, Manila, 12, December 2013
- PLAQUE OF RECOGNITION, Resource Speaker, Science Investigatory Project, Tinajeros National High School, Malabon City, 21 July, 2017.
- Certificate of Commendation, Lecturer, Catanduanes State University, on the Topic: The Application of Geochemical and Isotopic Techniques to fresh water Contamination Studies. , Catanduanes State University, Virac, Catanduanes, 24 October 2012
- Certificate of Recognition, Speaker, Seminar on Science Investigatory Projects , Tinajeros National High School, Malabon City, 12 July 2016.
- Plaque of appreciation for the Government best Practice Recognition 2021 from the Development Academy of the Philippines, 9th December 2021
- Nine Outstanding Young Aklanon Achivers Award—The Foundation “ Ben Hur Z. Mobo Move Aklan Forward,” selected Mr Raymond Sucgang as one of the Nine Young Aklanon Achievers. Awardees were chosen from different fields of expertise/specialization and the awardees were selected based on their achievements in their respective fields.
BOOKS AUTHORED with copyright
- Isotope 101. Food Authentication Using Isotope Abundance Analysis (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368654324_BookFood_Authentication_Using_Isotope_Abundance_Analysis-1)
- Manual on Drugs and Substance Abuse NOVEMBER 2022 (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368654055_Manual_on_Drugs_and_Substance_Abuse_NOVEMBER_2022)
- Isotope Techniques Made Nonsensically Simple. Guidebook for Isotope Hydrology (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368653913_Guidebook_for_Isotope_Hydrology_SUCGANG_RACADIO_MENDOZA)
- Dive Through the Cure all and Home Remedies. (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354264630_Dive_Through_the_Cure_all_and_Home_Remedies).
- As Simple As Possible Isotope Hydrology. (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354248584_As_Simple_As_Possible_Isotope_Hydrology).
- Standard Catalogue of Vintage Coins with Their Elemental Provenance
MUSICAL COMPOSITION FOR THE PINAO WITH COPYRIGHT
- Los Bailes dela Gerna
- Marcha de Eskwala
- Danza de Bruha
III. SIGNIFICANCE
Historical
The outcome of his research outputs from the project " Enhancing Fresh Water Availability and Mitigating the Effects on Typhoon Haiyan/ Yolanda." were recognized by various institutions which earned him awards (at least 15) and certificates of appreciation (at least 55). His research on the natural attenuation of the contamination brought about by typhoon Yolanda in Tacloban, confirmed that biomass and other flood –borne pollutants are attenuated when water percolates to the ground and they are in negligible concentrations when they reach the water table underground. Thus, the quality of the groundwater in the main city of Tacloban can be considered safe to drink according to the parameters set forth in the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water. He has other more research on the environment that were translated to Policy Briefs. A study on the isoscapes was completed and revealed terrestrial inputs to the pollutant load in the marine environment. This too will be communicated to the local government unit and the Department of Natural Resouces through the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB). Moreover, the installation of “Sansinirangan”—a precipitation collector for isotope analyses equipped with a meteostation with on-line data collection and transmission will be installed in Tacloban. The equipment has already been provided by the IAEA through this project.
Scientific
In Central Luzon, the study was initiated and preliminary data was obtained. Another sampling campaign was completed for the Pinatubo crater and the Pampanga river. The studies will greatly help in the enhancement of availability of safe drinking water in many parts of the country and will help protect the sensitive environment. He was among the technical working group and was responsible for making for the Radiological parameters. The PNSDW 2017 version is now known as Administrative Order No -0010 s 2017 of the DOH (see Attachment A for evidence). He has also contributed to Enhancing Food Safety and Quality Through Nuclear and Isotopic Techniques for Food Traceability and Authenticity. In the area of food safety and authenticity, Raymond has supervised the analysis of imported food for radioactivity and was very valuable during the emergency times of the Fukushima accident in Japan. Raymond employed radioactive and stable isotope analyses to authenticate botanical, geographical origin, and method of production of materials. A method for detection of non biogenic acetic acid in vinegar using a radiocarbon assay technique was developed by them. Results showed that seven out of ten market-derived vinegar samples from major cities and provinces in the country contain synthetic or non biogenic acetic acid. He has also developed other techniques for authenticity testing of other foodstuffs such as rice, honey, condiments, oils, wines, etc. The lack of national standard prescribing accurate and reliable methods to verify authenticity, quality, and safety of vinegar, has caused the popular condiment to become targets of fraudulent adulteration in the Philippines. The output of the CWG was a draft of an update of A.O.134 and a proposed Standard that included the PNRI-developed 14C radioassay among the mandatory parameters for vinegar testing. The Development Academy of the Philippines gave recognition to Raymond’s achievements in safeguarding the quality of vinegar and other foodstuffs in the country. From the DAP website The article says” Raymond J. Sucgang of Middle Managers Class Batch 14 – Anluwage and Lucille V. Abad of Senior Executives Class Batch 4 – Alab-lahi, both from the Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI), were recognized for their science innovations as featured in various news outlets. Raymond Sucgang of MMC 14 graduated from the Public Management Development Program (PMDP) in May 2018 with a Master’s degree in Development Management (MDM) and earned the Best Re-entry Project (ReP) award in his batch for his work on “Institutionalizing of Translational Research Mechanism in PNRI Laboratories vis-a-vis Formulation Policy Recommendation and the Vinegar Standard of the Philippines. The application of isotope and geochemical techniques to reveal contributions of submarine groundwater and septic systems discharges to algal bloom in Boracay Island., is one of his studies conducted to determine the sources of nutrients responsible for the cyanobacteria blooms during Summer months in the neritic zone of Boracay Island. The whimsical local belief on the alleged contribution of cyanobacteria/algae to white sand production has caused apathy to the eminent nutrient releases which were found to fertilize the algae/cyanobacteria in the beach zone. Algae/cyanobacteria samples showed isotope compositions that were very close to those of raw sewage and sewer pipe water in terms of δ13C and δ15N. Stable isotope and geochemical data were also used to trace the fates of pollutants and monitor natural attenuation of nitrates, phosphates, pesticides, etc. Results of the study provided scientific bases for precision policy- making and management of the fragile ecosystem especially during the months of clean up and closure of Boracay island. Raymond Sucgang also facilitated the conduct of a PNRI project that helped accurately detect the level of air pollution that can cause damages to human health. Studies in Aklan River and Batan and Bacolod City Groundwater system were done by him, in line with the establishment of baseline data of geoenvironmental pollutants and mineral resources in the Province of Aklan especially in the town of Batan, Aklan, and to set up action limits for soil, sediment, and water quality using the local baseline.The hydrological studies were done to provide scientific bases for management of water resources by decision-makers.
Socioeconomic
Raymond Sucgang founded a low budget laboratory--the RJ Sucgang Center for Research in the Natural Sciences, Napti, Batan, Aklan-- which provides free laboratory use and reagents to interested student researchers in Aklan. Despite the odds and the minimal resources available the center was still able to produce high impact researches with output which were acceptable in both national and international congress/fora. Various student researchers most especially from RSHS in Aklan have performed their researches in the RJ Sucgang Center for Research in the Natural Sciences, especially those doing their Science Investigatory Projects.
Many SIPs of these students were accepted for presentation in local, and international fora/ INIS publications and the Annual Scientific Meeting of the National Academy of Science and Technology.
The SANSINIRANGAN
Sansinirangan is a Waray term for “ Dawn”. This was also the name given to the meteostation with Rainwater Isotope collector design of Eskwala Team of MMC-14 -Class Anluwage for the Project PHI 5034. Mr Raymond J. Sucgang of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute , National Project Counterpart for the IAEA PHI 5034 TC Project wanted a rain collector for isotope studies to be installed in Tacloban City.
To pursue his plans he asked the Eskwala Team of MMC-14 of the Development Academy of the Philippines to help him design a rain collector for isotope analysis with built in weather station that is capable of giving online real time information to people’s cellphones through a cloud application.
The team designed a rain collector which at the same time will be beneficial to the people of Tacloban by serving as an early warning device for floods and storms. The concept for the station was sought funding from the IAEA and through the PHI 5034, an amount of two million pesos was slotted by IAEA to construct and install the Sansinirangan. West Point Engineering Supplies Incorporated built the Sansinirangan through a bidding contract with PNRI. In this event , the Sansinirangan will be formally turned over to the people of Tacloban by PNRI Director, Dr Carlo A. Arcilla.
IV. REFERENCES
KEY INFORMANT/S: RAYMOND J. SUCGANG
REFERENCES/AND OTHER RESOURCES: Interview(cellphone), Internet
NAME OF MAPPER/S: AILENE B. ESTIL Master Teacher-I, Batan Elementary School
LANGUAGE EDITOR: MA. LOURDES LIZZETTE Z. REMOLA, PhD Master II, Libacao Central Elementary School
LAY-OUT ARTIST: CHARLITO A. VENTURA JR. Teacher-I, Ochando National High School
CONTENT EVALUATORS: JOSEPHINE P. VICENTE Teacher-III, Regional Science High School for Region VI
DENNIS E. BONTOGON Master T-III, Kalibo Pilot Elementary School
APPROVED:
RUBY AGNES B. ESTRADA, PhD
Education Program Supervisor
DATE PROFILED: February 22, 2023 (Wed.12:50 PM), March 25,2023 (Sat)
ATTACHMENTS:
List of Works
- Environmental isotopes and major ions for tracing leachate contamination from a municipal landfill in Metro Manila, Philippines
- X-ray Fluorescence in Member States: Philippines. Secrets of Scalar Energy Infused Products as Revealed by XRF Spectrometry
- Measurements of Rare Earth Element and Other Element Mass Fractions in Environmental Reference Materials (NIST SRM 1646a, NIST SRM 1400, IAEA‐395 and IAEA‐450) by INAA, ICP‐AES
- Low-level tritium measurement in freshwater sources in the Philippines using electrolytic enrichment and liquid scintillation spectrometry
- Isotopic evidence for identifying the mechanism of salinization of groundwater in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental
- Isotopic evidence for identifying the mechanism of salinization of groundwater in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental
- Formulation and endorsement of the mechanism to improve authenticity testing of vinegar and the vinegar standard of the Philippines
- Application of isotope hydrology techniques by the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute in water resources Regions 2 and 10 in support of the groundwater resource and
- Reformulating sunscreen cosmetics with better water resistance and efficacy to inhibit trans-epidermal water loss in response to global warming and climate change
- Isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen reveal contributions of submarine groundwater and septic systems discharges to algal bloom in Boracay Island
- Accurate and precise major and trace element determination in marine samples by neutron activation analysis
- The effects of oxides of carbon and nitrogen emissions on the isotope and element abundances in foliage of C3 plants
- The application of isotope and geochemical techniques to reveal contributions of submarine groundwater and septic systems discharges to algal bloom in Boracay Island
- Fabrication of an inexpensive photosensitive flow through device for turbidity measurement
- Nuclear S&T: Meeting the Challenges of the New Millenium in the Philippines
- Characterization of the groundwater in the Eastern side of Batan, Aklan aquifer
- Covariance of carbon and nitrogen isotopes for authentication of origin and method of production of lysine and methionine by provenance determination
- Radiological characterization of the Aklan River
- Custom isotope-labelling of apis mellifera pheromone
- Method development for radon measurement and simultaneous determination of gross alpha and gross beta activities in water by liquid scintillation counting for compliance
- Hydrological characterization of the Eastern side of Batan, Aklan aquifer
- Development of laboratory method for the simultaneous determination of gross alpha and gross beta activities in water by liquid scintillation counting
- Custom synthesis of isotope labelled Apis mellifera Pheromone
- Safeguarding food and food products from radiological contamination through gammametric analysis
- Comparison of elemental, nutritional, and isotopic composition of Philippine and Japanese polished rice samples for provenance validation
- Neutron activation analysis of stream bed and marine sediments for river and coastal resource management
- Application of nuclear analytical techniques for benchmark hydrogeochemical and radiological characterization of Aklan river tributaries
- Characterization of water and lake sediments in Laguna de Bay
- Assessing groundwater quality trends in Bulacan for enhanced freshwater availability management using hydro geochemistry and tritium-dating
- Method development for origin assignment of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) using C-14 liquid scintillation spectrometry
- Elemental and isotopic characterization of Japanese and Philippine polished rice samples using instrumental neutron activation analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry
- Uncovering the method of production and detection of synthetic acetic acid adulteration in vinegar by tandem use of {sup 1} 4C liquid scintillation counting and {sup 1} 3C/{sup
- Low-level tritium analysis of Bulacan waters and its application in identifying recharge zones
- Uncovering the method of production and detection of synthetic acetic acid adulteration in vinegar by tandem use of 14C liquid scintillation counting and 13C/12C
- Trace radioactive measurement in foodstuffs using high purity germanium detector
- Authentication of origins of fermentive ethanol in Philippine-made beverages by C, H, O isotope abundances
- Tritium as tracer of contamination from municipal solid waste disposal leachate
- Establishment of tritium dating facility for hydrological studies in PNRI
- Ion ratios and tritium extents as markers of salinization in the Bacolod City basin
- X-ray fluorescence in Member States: Philippines. XRF activities at Analytical Measurements Research Group, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute [X-ray Fluorescence in the
- Radioprotection following oral delivery of 5, 4'-dihydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyflavone insult in murine test system.
- Fabrication of low cost optical detection system for E. coli 0157 based on4methyl umbelliferyl-β-D-Galactoside--β-galactosidase reaction
- Isotope and chemical techniques in assessing groundwater contamination from Metro Manila landfill
- Hydrogeochemical characterization of Bacolod City groundwater system
- Monitored natural attenuation study of flood-borne nutrient run-offs in the marine environment of Napti, Batan, Aklan
- The application of isotope techniques to aid policy-making in the enhancement of freshwater availability in San Narciso, Zambales, Region 2 of the Philippines
- Isotopes reveal dynamics of groundwater system in Region 2, Philippines
- Provenance validation of polished rice samples using nuclear and isotopic analytical techniques
- REFORMULATION OF PARABEN-FREE BODY CREAMS WITH SELF PRESERVING ACTIVES
- Authentication of Origin and Method of Production of Lysine and Methionine by Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Provenance Determination
- Environmental Isotope Tracers of Pollution in the Neritiz Zone of Boracay Island, Philippines
- FORMULATION OF WET WIPES WITH ESSENTIAL OILS OF OREGANO(Origanum vulgare), LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon citratus), AND PEPPERMINT (Mentha piperita) ACTING AS HUMECTANT ACTIVES
MAJOR PROJECTS MANAGED:
- National Project Coordinator, International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA (of the United Nations) project on Floods, , IAEA PHI5034, Applying Nuclear Techniques in the Attenuation of Flood and Natural Disaster-Borne Contamination, 2017- 2019 2016
- International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA Technical Cooperation project on Haiyan – National Project Counterpart , 2016-2017
- National Project Coordinator, International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA RAS/5/082— Building Technological Capability for Food Traceability and Food Safety Control Systems Through the Use of Nuclear Analytical Techniques
- National Project Counterpart of the Project IAEA/RCA RAS7037 Enhancing Wetland Management and Sustainable Conservation Planning
- Project leader, Development and Application of Isotope-Based Methodologies for Authenticity Testing of Major Condiments in the Philippines ( Vinegar, Soy Sauce, and Catsup) – DOST-PCIERD –funded ongoing project (DOST-PCIEERD -Funded project 5M )-- support to the Re Entry Project in the D.A.P.
- Project Leader, Application of Isotopic and Geochemical Techniques to Uncover Point and Non Point Sources of Organic Nutrient Contamination in the Neritic Zone of Boracay Island (2013) – which has provided the scientific basis for the formulation of action plans for the rehabilitation of Boracay Island. DOST-Funded project 1M
- Project Leader, Hydrological Characterization of Boracay Island’s groundwater System and Nabaoy River watershed Using Isotope Techniques. (DOST-PCIEERD -Funded project 5M ) Ended last Mar 3, 2023
- Project Leader: Complementing Conventional Techniques with Isotope Techniques to Detect Inorganic Fertilizer Application and Haram Ingredients in Food Production. (DOST- PCIEERD -Funded project 8M ) Ongoing
References and other resources
- https://journal.com.ph/balitang-toksik-investigative-report-skin-lighteners-still-online-despitemercury-findings-in-17-countries/
- https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/when-surging-seas-meet-stronger-rain-nucleartechniques-in-flood-management
- https://www.pnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php/2-uncategorised/726-nuclear-techniques-eyed-for-moreprecise-hydrology-studies
- https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/five-years-on-nuclear-science-enables-young-philippinechemist-to-study-long-term-impact-of-typhoon-haiyan
- https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_18/HR00170.pdf
- https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/02/21/1994935/dost-tests-fake-soy-sauce
- https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:50019789
- https://www.pnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php/2-uncategorised/604-8-out-of-10-vinegar-brandssynthetic-fake-isotope-studies-show
- https://ani.seafdec.org.ph/handle/20.500.12174/11515
- https://www.rappler.com/nation/green-algae-scientists-share-tips-protect-boracayenvironment/
- https://www.rappler.com/nation/visayas/boracay-algal-bloom-provide-income-poor-local-folk/
- https://mb.com.ph/2021/11/08/dost-pcieerd-bares-8-eco-innovation-projects-for-environmentsector/
Wiki Editor:
Lino S. Casumpong, Batan District LRMS Coordinator, Lalab Elementary School
John Kerk O. Manalo, Teacher I, Palay Integrated School